Essay on Article Analysis Infection Control in Home Care

Introduction The article Infection Control in Home Care was given by Emily Rhinehart in April 2001. This article is about the home care and infection control in the United States of America. This article stated that, in the past decades, the scope and intensity of home care have increased, whereas the strategies and prevention solutions of infection surveillance and control efforts have fallen behind (Rhinehart, 2001). Lack of applicable and consistent methods for surveillance and acute-care practices of prevention are needed to control infections. The article provides an understanding about the appropriate strategy and need of training to assess the infectious disease and their risk. In addition, the author has also stated the†¦show more content†¦In addition, the research has also relied on the laboratory data to complete this research (Garner, Jarvis, Emori, Horan, Hughes, 1998). Information given in the article, Infection surveillance in home care: device-related incidence rates were also used by the researchers to accomplish the research. A program given by Missouri Home Care Alliance in 1997, were also evaluated to identify the high-tech ways to provide home care to the patients (Luehm, Fauerbach, 1999). In order to analyze the strategies for the Infection Surveillance, Prevention, and Control in Home Care, some methods are also given by The Arizona Association for Home Care, which were used by Emily Rhinehart to measure the rates of urinary tract infections (Woomer, Long, Anderson, Greenberg, 1999). According to the article ‘National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System (NNIS): Description of surveillance methods’, which is evaluated by the researcher, laboratory and cultural tests are not practical in home care. The researcher had also taken the support of infection programs of CDC’s hospital to develop the programs and surviving system of surveillance (Emori, Culver, Horan, 1991). The Florida Hospital Association has sponsored a project for the infection control of home care patients. In this project, the professionals and agencies had learnt about the occurrence of urinary tract infections and central-line infections. The author hasShow MoreRelatedHand Hygiene Hospitals And Long Term Care Facilities1161 Words   |  5 PagesHand Hygiene in Hospitals and Long Term Care Facilities Hand hygiene (HH) has been the center of infection control efforts over the past two decades. This paper will compare and contrast implementation, adherence, and outcomes in HH related infection control policies and procedures between hospitals and long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Hand hygiene (HH) describes a more inclusive practice than hand washing to cleanse hands. 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In addition, active self- management of diabetes mellitus is very crucial to minimize the complications, which not only includes controlling a blood sugar by regular exercise, diet control and others but also it isRead MorePost Operative Education For A Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patient1438 Words   |  6 Pagespatient education and teaching relating to patient outcomes after CABG surgery. Literature Review Improving Post-CABG Care Bates, O’Connor, Dunn, and Hasenau (2014) seek to understand the STAAR interventions relating to improving post-CABG surgical patient care. The article is a quantitative comparative study with exceptionally qualified authors. The level of evidence for the article is at the studies level. The background of the study introduces the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), which

Essay about The Kroger Company An Organizational Behavior...

Company Background According to the Kroger business web page, in 1883 Barney Kroger invested his life savings of $372 to open a grocery store at 66 Pearl in downtown Cincinnati. The son of a merchant, he ran his business with a simple motto: Be particular. Never sell anything you would not want yourself. It is a motto that has served him well for the next 120 years. Today, Kroger has grown to 2500 stores with $70 billion revenues, 40 food processing plants ranging from bread, milk, soda pop, ice cream and peanut butter. Kroger operates under two dozen banners, has acquired warehouses, trucking companies, and has over 14,400 private-label items (The Kroger Co., 2012). Barney was always on the cutting edge of retail. Kroger quickly grew to†¦show more content†¦Subsequently, in 1999 Kroger merged with Fred Meyer in a 13 billion dollar buyout. Fred Meyer itself was currently operating under many banners: Ralphs, Frys, Kings, QFC, and Smiths. Fred Meyer came with warehouses, its own food processing plants, dairy, bakery and ice creams pants and the largest trucking fleet, second largest jewelry store in the nation not to mention its absolute domination in the Northwest, with its 165,000 square feet store format. Fred Meyer shared the Kroger philosophy with one stop shopping on an even larger scale with its multi-department stores (The Kroger Co., 2012). Mission and Vision Kroger’s mission is to be a leader in the distribution and merchandising of food, health, personal care, and related consumable products and services. They envision the company will operate in a way that reflects their belief that the organization levels closest to the customer are best positioned to serve changing consumer needs. The mission and vision of Kroger is socialized and dependent on their employees (Retail Industry, 2012). To help employees accomplish this mission, Kroger has six core values that provide guidance. Along with these core values stems the business ethics of the corporation. The first of these values is honesty; they want employees to always do the right thing at all times at work and outside of work. Tell the truth, don’t lie, cheat, steal, or deceive people.Show MoreRelatedCurrent Social Issues : Income Inequality767 Words   |  4 Pages 1) Why to study? Overview of current social issues - income inequality Unequal distribution of income has significantly impacted individuals in the global workforce. In particular, the maldistribution of wealth has lead to various issues in the US society as well, not only economically, but also psychologically. Prior research shows that lower income status is positively associated with exposure to stressors and negative life events (Lantz et. al, 2005ï ¼Å' Santiago, Wadsworth Stump, 2011) In otherRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book From Good For Great : Why Some Companies Make The Leap And Others Don t 1441 Words   |  6 PagesIn his book, â€Å"From Good to Great: Why some companies make the leap†¦ and others don’t,† Jim Collins takes on the impressive challenge of identifying and evaluating the factors and variables that allow a small fraction of companies to make the transition from being just good to justifiably great. The term â€Å"great† is operationally defined by a number of criteria, including, financial performance exceeding the market average by several deviations over a sustained period of time. Collins and his researchRead MoreTELS 3340 Case Studies Essay2959 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Narmin Azizli Case Study 2-B TELS 3340 1. 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What is Philosophy free essay sample

Greco-Roman tradition originally came from Greek and Pagan culture, later gaining influences from other cultures. When the belief in the actual existence of Gods and Goddesses died, reasons needed to be provided for human existence, the purpose of life, and the problems of living in a civilisation. This saw the Greek philosophy grow and the traditions main issue was to define and describe human life and conditions. The tradition later became known as Western tradition, as the Greek’s and Roman’s used ideas from other cultures and ingrained them within their tradition. This still remains a key feature of Western tradition today. There are few surviving original sources of the tradition, preserved by Catholic and Orthodox monasteries, despite their differences to Christian teachings. The influences from Western tradition are key features in society today. It provided reason and science which can be seen as the ground works for technology and science today. â€Å"From the Greco-Roman period came respect for the rule of law, the idea of natural law, and, for its day, toleration of religious beliefs. (Pappas, 2005) If anything was so prevalent in society today it would be that thought. The ability to live among others with different beliefs but still all follow the same laws is a necessity in todays society. The Western tradition taught us to question who we are and respect individuality, a teaching which lives on to this day. Dissimilar to Western tradition, which looks to define human life and conditions, the Chinese traditions main aim is to keep harmony at all times. Confucius was China’s most famous philosopher. â€Å"The most important thing to Confucius was Jen, or human kindness, love of man. Jen is the ideal feeling of warmth, kindness, dignity, and respect that should develop between two people. † (Powell, 2000, p. 95) The Chinese tradition is one of practicality, therefore the importance of logic is paramount. Logic sees that everything is subject to change, and that opinions and beliefs are of their time and place. Differing to the Western tradition, the Chinese took few ideas from other cultures, highlighting the desire for China to remain separated from other societies. It did however, take influence from Buddhism, but even this was adapted to suit Chinese culture. The Chinese tradition believes that to remain harmonious is of more importance than finding the truth. Followers of Chinese tradition may not see it fit to unburden themselves of their woes onto others as this is not harmonious. Arguably the oldest surviving tradition, Indian tradition aims to eliminate unhappiness and create nirvana, the cessation of suffering. Unlike the Western tradition, both the Chinese and Indian combine philosophy and religion. Indian tradition however does so more harmoniously by combining them both equally. Because of this, Indian tradition is compared to a Banyan tree, with its deep roots and tangled canopy representing the intertwining of Indian philosophies and religions. Buddhism is originated from India. This philosophy believes in karma, that what you are reincarnated as is a reflection of your past life. From a cynical point of view, it could be seen that followers of Buddhism are kind only to protect their reincarnation, and that it is not a selfless act they are carrying out, just one which will benefit them in their next life. It is important that all philosophical enquiries are valid so correct outcomes are produced. There are many elements that constitute a valid philosophical enquiry. It must not be biased or favour one side. It must be non-emotional and it must be able to bring together the deductive and inductive methods of reasoning. It is arguable that for the enquiry to be valid it would need to be proven. This may not be the case and it could be believed that it would just need to not be disproved. For example, it has not been proved that God ever existed, however it has not been disproved. Therefore, the question as to whether there is or was a God, is a valid philosophical enquiry. A valid philosophical enquiry should only be based on evidence and not include feeling or opinion. The final conclusion of the enquiry should then be interpreted and evaluated. No hasty predictions should be made as it should be based just on fact. Descartes provides his process when producing a philosophical enquiry in Discourse on Method. (See appendix 1) There are many different branches of philosophy. Romanticism is originated from 18th century Germany. Romantics react negatively to what the modern world does to people, for example the effects modern day technology have on human interaction. Jean-Jacques Rousseau marked the way for the Romanticism movement as he â€Å"believed that civilisation was a corrupting influence on people, who are instinctively good † (Kindersley, 2011, p. 144) Romantics are very much against the dehumanisation of the modern world where technology replaces people. A romantic might argue that the self-service check outs provided at most supermarkets have a negative effect on human interaction as there is no need to communicate with people face to face now when shopping. Romanticism links with another branch of philosophy, Environmentalism. This philosophy is concerned with keeping the planet green. Environmentalists, like Romantics, are concerned with the developments happening in society and the effects they could have on the planet and those within in the future. In complete contrast to Romanticism and Environmentalism, The Enlightenment is another branch of philosophy. It also originated in 18th century Western Europe but is closely allied with science. It challenges the rule of religious superstition and tradition and uses science to provide most, if not all, of the answers. It sits well with the development in human beings and their surroundings. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that moves with the times. As society, religion, and politics move forward, so do the ethics within those institutions. It is perfectly possible that the ethical issues one experienced in their upbringing could totally differ from those they experience in their adult life. Ethics is a system of values where certain things are â€Å"right† and certain things are â€Å"wrong†. Abortion is a subject that has always been surrounded by moral and ethical issues. (See appendix 2, BBC, 2013) Until 1967, abortion was illegal in England. This however, does not mean it did not happen. In the 1950’s, when abortion was still illegal, mothers carrying unwanted babies would seek non medical personnel to carry out abortions. This was highlighted in a recent episode of Call the Midwife, a drama series based on the personal experiences of an East End midwife in the 1950’s, where a mother had an illegal abortion which lead to her contracting septicaemia. (‘Episode 5’, 2013) Times have clearly moved on, and today abortions are far more available and medically safe. But that does not mean that the ethical views of some have changed with the times, regardless of whether the law has changed. It is important to consider teleological and deontological theories when dealing with ethics. Teleological theorists believe that it is the end result of an action that determines whether the action was good or bad. Deontological theorists however, believe that each action in itself is good or bad, regardless of the consequences. (Harrison-Barbet, 2001, p. 186) There are many ethical issues raised in the arguments against abortion, one of the main being that killing an innocent human being is wrong. (BBC, 2013) This is a deontological argument. It is arguable as to when you consider a foetus a human being. Is it at the conception stage when it is simply a collection of cells, or is it when the heart begins to beat and when the brain starts to function? At around 18-22 weeks a foetus acquires sentience, the awareness of pleasure, pain and perception. As it stands, abortions can be carried out on females up to 24 weeks into pregnancy so ethically one could argue that carrying out abortions this far through in pregnancy is wrong. (Lacewing, 2010) Arguing from a potential perspective creates further questions as to whether contraception is as wrong as abortion. People who oppose abortion may argue that although the foetus may start off as just a collection of cells, it has the potential to become a human being who has the right to life. Therefore, even using contraception is wrong as it prevents the potential of life. Pro-abortionists however may argue that potential means that something does not yet exist so why treat it with the same ethical values as something that does exist. (Lacewing, 2010) Pro-abortionists would also argue that the pregnant female has moral and ethical rights and these may outweigh the foetus’ rights. This could be the case if the female was a victim of rape and would suffer mentally and emotionally if they went through with the pregnancy, or if the continued pregnancy could have detrimental effect on the female’s health. In conclusion, abortion faces many ethical issues from both pro and opposing viewpoints. It is a subject that cannot be determined as right or wrong by science or philosophy. In the end, the most important viewpoint that should be considered when making such a decision is the pregnant female. The impact of language on society is a lot more prevalent than one may assume. Umberto Eco believed that we learn through our knowledge of languages, and that translating between one language and another is not just about comparing them both, but interpreting them in the ways they were written, based on culture. The philosophy of language looks at what the nature of meaning is. John Searle explains that language is crucial in the understanding of human life, and to look into human characteristics without language would be impossible. YouTube, Unknown) Language is what distinguishes human from animals, the ability to understand the concept through language, which would not be possible through just observation. The development of language continues through time. Words used in an offensive manner now, were often used many years ago in day to day language. In Gloria Bertonis’, Stone Age Diva, she talks about the word ‘cunt’ and how its original meanings of woman, quee n, and female genitalia, should evoke pride in females and that the word should not offend. It encourages females to reclaim words that have been used as weapons against them and recapture them for their positive qualities. (Bertonis, Date unknown) Such a word would once have just been used to describe a part of the body, like head or knee, but the context in which it is now used has turned it into a derogatory term. Semiotics is the study of the meaning of linguistic expressions. Clear examples of this are apparent every day. The letter ‘M’ presented in such a way is no longer just the letter but also an expression for McDonalds. The same applies to the letter ‘f’, which is now universally seen as a symbol for Facebook. Therefore, applying philosophy to language gives the language itself a whole new meaning. It is not just the letter and words that need to be taken into account, but also the context in which it is received. â€Å"A paradox is a statement that contradicts itself or a situation which seems to defy logic. † (Unknown, 2012) The liar paradox is a clear example of this. If one were to say they are lying, and were truly doing so, then they are actually telling the truth. (See appendix 3, Unknown, 2012) There are four primary paradoxes (see appendix 4). This essay will discuss knowability paradox. This is the recognition that some truths are not currently known but that they are all knowable. This means that we as a world do not know everything, so truths that may be proven in the future, could make what we consider as known truths today untrue. (Salerno, 2009) An example of this could be developments in medical science. With the constant developments in medicine, something we thought we knew as true 50 years ago, may now prove to be untrue because of new medical knowledge. In conclusion, it is clear that all individuals use philosophy in day to day life, whether they are aware of it or not. Philosophy aids us in learning more about ourselves and the world, which is what humans naturally strive for. It helps us be reasonable, which is a characteristic which helps one fit in to society and live among others who may be different. It also helps us be moral and ethical, as discussed previously in this essay. Without morals and ethics we would have no guidance as to what is right and wrong. Therefore, the world would not be as it is today without philosophy, and may be a much harder world to live in without it.

Rodgers And Hammerstein Essay Example For Students

Rodgers And Hammerstein Essay There are many well-known lyricists and composers, but only a few leave such amark as Rodgers and Hammerstein. This duo produced nine musical plays duringtheir partnership and caused a profound change in musical comedy. They set thestandards that are followed to this day in musical history. They created themodern musical that we all know and love. Before they became Rodgers andHammerstein, they were simply Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, both ofNew York City. Hammerstein, born in 1895, was brought up in a theatrical family. His father was an operatic impresario, otherwise known as an operadirector or manager. He built the Harlem Opera House(1888) and the ManhattanOpera House(1906) and also introduced many new singers to the US. From a veryyoung age Hammerstein II committed to the theater even though his familydiscouraged him. As soon as he was old enough to have a job in his fatherstheatrical business, he devoted himself to his duties and learned as much as hecould about play production and the labors of the theater artist. Oscareventually teamed up with author Otto Harbach and composer Vincent Youmans toproduce Wildflower. With help from Harbach, Hammerstein began to createprofessional material for Broadway. Through Otto Harbach, Hammerstein was ledinto collaboration with Jerome Kern for Sunday. He also worked with HerbertStothart and George Gershwin on Song of the Flame, a very unsuccessful show. Butdespite the shows failure, it did lead Hammerstein to concentrate on creatingoperetta in order to integ rate musical comedy with opera. With this in mind, hewas able to achieve new standards for success in his career with his lyrics forThe Wild Rose and The Desert Song. By 1927, after a few more productions,Hammerstein had achieved the technical skill that allowed him to provide acomposer with a functional book and lyrics. This was best shown in Showboat, thefirst modern American musical. Showboat was the first show that indicatedHammersteins great talent. Hammerstein was able to create a believable plot,situation,and characterization. At the forefront of this show wasHammersteins concern for the southern blacks. This show contributedcommentary on racial prejudice which Hammerstein would continually do. This wasa big step for the 1920s and a huge victory when the show was so widelyappreciated. Despite the promise indicated by Showboat, Hammerstein did notproduce works of comparable success between 1928 and 1940. Some of his forgottenshows from that time are Free for All, Three Sisters , May Wine and severalothers. By 1941 it was apparent that except for Showboat, Hammerstein had notsucceeded in creating a celebrated body of work outside the operetta form. Richard Rodgers , born in 1902, unlike Hammerstein, was not born into thetheater, but his parents made sure he was cultured in the world of musicaltheater at a very early age. One of his earliest childhood memories was of hisparents singing the full vocal scores from the latest musicals1. By age six,Rodgers had taught himself to play piano and was then given piano lessons by hisproud parents. They also encouraged him to make a career in music. LikeHammerstein, Rodgers devotion to the theater began early on in his life. Rodgers was especially influenced by Jerome Kerns shows and considered him ahero. When Rodgers was nine, he began to compose melodies of his own andeventually learned how to write them too. At fourteen he produced his first twocomplete songs, Campfire Days and The Auto Show Girl. While still inhigh school, he wrote scores for two amateur shows, One Minute Please and UpState and Down, after which he was encouraged to find a lyricist and begin aprofessional song-producing arrangement. Rodgers found Lorenz Hart. They met in1918 and immediately hit it off. Both were very pleased with each othersabilities and a creative union was made, as well as a close friendship. Theirfirst show together was Fly with Me, which was performed for ColumbiaUniversity. Broadway man Lew Fields saw the show and informed the duo that heintended to use some of their songs in his next Broadway musical, Poor LittleRitz Girl2 . Although only seven of the numbers were used, it brought Rodgersinto the world of Broad way musicals. Rodgers and Hart collaborated from 1918 to1943 and produced twenty-seven stage musicals and eight motion picture scores. .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a , .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .postImageUrl , .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a , .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a:hover , .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a:visited , .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a:active { border:0!important; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a:active , .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u38355c1412f6435896c362dabf90fe3a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Life of Mary Shelley EssayAlmost all their work was successful and their chemistry as a creative team waspaying off. In the late 1930s though, Hart and Rodgers grew apart because ofemotional problems Hart was having. Eventually Hart walked out on Rodgers anddied in 1943. Rodgers and Hammerstein finally met in the early 1940s. Theirfirst show was Oklahoma! which debut a success and began the series of smashhits for Rodgers and Hammerstein. Their other shows were Carousel (1945),Allegro (1947), South Pacific (1949), The King and I (1951), Me and Juliet(1953), Pipe Dream (1955), Flower Drum Song (1958), and The Sound of Music(1959). They also did the film, State Fair (194 5), and the television musical,Cinderella (1957). The main reason Rodgers and Hammerstein were so successfuland made such an impact on musical theater was that they formulated anddemonstrated principles about their craft that elevated the popular musicalstage from entertainment to art3 . In other words, they raised thestandards and expectations of the musical to more than just entertainment forthe audience to enjoy, and made being a musical theater actor a skill and anart. The principles they created were as follows. First, they both agreed thatthe song served the play rather than vice-versa. This concept is what helps makea musical more believable. Second, Rodgers and Hammerstein shows were verysincere and honest. Both Rodgers and Hammerstein were romantics and saw nothingwrong with sweetness and simplicity. Joseph Fields, a collaborator on FlowerDrum Song, said that Oscar really believed that love conquers all, thatvirtue triumphs, that dreams come true.4 . Rodgers felt similarly. Whatswrong with sweetness and light? Its been around for quite awhile. Even a clicheyou know has a right to be true5 This concept keeps people going back to seemusicals, because no matter how tragic things are you can always find a ray ofhope in a musical. For example, in The Sound of Music, the country is about toenter war, people are being arrested and there is tragedy everywhere, but theVanTrappes escape, which occurs to show that there is hope. Finally, Rodgers andHammerstein were sure to maintain a professional union between all members of aproduction team: producer, writer, composer, director, choreographer, actor,scenery etc. They proved that a takes team work to produce a show and that meanscollaboration from all sides at all times of a production. Hammerstein andRodgers set the mold for the sensitive relationship between any group ofcollaborators through the way they worked together. Rodgers and Hammersteinrevolutionized musical theater. They forged new levels of performan ce and alsoof production, that are now the standards for musicals in America. Their successis rooted in their devotion to the theater, their ability to draw audiences into their shows by making their shows believable yet sentimental and theirability to collaborate so well together. This is why their shows are still beingperformed in theaters all over the world. They are true fore fathers in Americanmusical theater. Bibliography1) The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia, third ed. New York: Columbia UniversityPress, 1994. 2) Fordin, Hugh. Getting to know him: A Biography of OscarHammerstein II. New York: Ungar Pub. Co., 1977. 3) Green, Stanley. Rodgers andHammerstein Fact Book: a record of their works together and with othercollaborators. New York: Lynn Farnol Group, 1980 4) Hyland, William. RichardRodgers. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998 5) Kislan, Richard. The Musical. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1980. 6) Nolan, Frederick N. The Sound of theirMusic: the story of Rodgers and Hammerstein. New York: Walker, 1978